Add VAT to a net price or remove it from a gross price. Type a rate or pick a common one. Runs on your device.
Net is the price before VAT. Gross is the price with VAT included. VAT is the difference. To go from net to gross, multiply by 1 plus the rate: 100.00 at 20% becomes 100.00 × 1.2 = 120.00, with 20.00 of VAT. To go from gross to net, divide by the same number: 120.00 ÷ 1.2 = 100.00. The page opens on this example, in the direction most people need, a gross price with the VAT taken out. Choose Net price when you are building an invoice and Gross price when you are reading a till receipt or a shelf price. The three figures always add up on screen: net plus VAT equals gross.
VAT is charged on the net price, so it is 20% of the net, not 20% of the gross. Taking 20% off 120.00 gives 96.00, which is wrong, because 96.00 plus 20% is only 115.20. The correct net is 120.00 ÷ 1.2 = 100.00. When you remove VAT, the formula box spells this out with your numbers and shows the wrong figure beside the right one. The share of the gross that is VAT is rate ÷ (100 + rate): one sixth at 20%, so 20.00 of 120.00. At 5% it is 5 of 105, which is about 4.76%.
The rate chips show 20, 19, 21, 23 and 5. They are labelled common rates, check yours, because standard and reduced rates differ by country and change over time. The page never says which rate applies to what. Pick Other to type any rate from 0 to 100. The VAT is rounded to 2 decimals, halves up, and the other figures follow from it. An invoice that adds VAT line by line may differ by a cent. Amounts can be 0 up to 1,000,000,000,000, typed with commas if you like, and have no currency symbol. Nothing is stored or sent. This is an estimate, not financial advice.
Divide the gross price by 1.2. For 120.00 the net is 100.00 and the VAT is 20.00. Do not take 20% off the gross: 120.00 less 20% is 96.00, which is not the net price. Choose Gross price, pick 20% and read the net.
Because the rate applies to the net price, not to the gross one. Adding 20% to 100.00 gives 120.00, and the 20.00 of VAT is one sixth of 120.00, not one fifth. Going back needs the inverse step, a division by 1.2.
Choose Net price, type the amount and pick a rate. The gross is the net times 1 plus the rate. For 49.99 at 21% the VAT is 10.4979, shown as 10.50, and the gross is 60.49.
The chips are only common rates, check yours: 20, 19, 21, 23 and 5. Your country, and often the kind of goods, decides the rate. Look it up with your tax authority, then pick the chip or choose Other and type it.
This page rounds the VAT once, to 2 decimals. An invoice may round each line and then add up, which can move the total by a cent or two. The result is an estimate, not financial advice.